The Dream of Wolfgang Pauli’s Polynomial: A Formula for the Universe

 The Dream of Wolfgang Pauli’s Polynomial: A Formula for the Universe

 (c) 2025, Darko Bulat

Some dreams fade quickly upon waking, but others linger, demanding attention and contemplation. In one such dream, I found myself in a classroom where an old friend was teaching mathematics—a surprising role for them. They introduced an equation they attributed to Wolfgang Pauli, one of the great minds of quantum physics. This equation, they claimed, described the universe itself:

$$\text{Universe} = \text{Spacetime} + \text{Massenergy} + \text{Life} + \text{Knowledge} + \text{Action} + \text{Humbleness}$$

At first glance, the equation seemed like a whimsical blend of physics, philosophy, and spirituality. But as I reflected, it began to feel like an elegant and profound statement about existence. The formula hinted at a deeper truth: a unification of the tangible and intangible aspects of the universe.

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Unpacking the Dream Formula

The terms in the equation represent distinct facets of reality, each contributing to the whole:

1. Spacetime: The fundamental framework of the universe, where all phenomena unfold.
2. Massenergy: The tangible essence of existence, tying matter and energy into a single dynamic entity.
3. Life: Complexity arising amidst entropy, embodying growth, adaptation, and purpose.
4. Knowledge: A universal intelligence, not confined to humanity but present in DNA, ecosystems, and cosmic order.
5. Action: The driving force behind change and transformation.
6. Humbleness: A grounding principle, acknowledging our small yet integral place in the vastness of existence.

While these elements seemed sufficient to describe the universe, two principles from quantum physics deepened the formula’s significance: Pauli’s Exclusion Principle and Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.

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Pauli’s Exclusion Principle: The Foundation of Being

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle states that no two identical fermions (such as electrons) can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. This principle is what gives atoms their structure and makes matter distinct and stable. Without it, the universe would lack individuality—everything would collapse into indistinguishability.

In the context of the dream formula:

• Spacetime and Massenergy gain meaning through exclusion. Distinction is the basis of existence; something "is" because it is not something else.
• Life arises from differentiation—each organism, particle, and thought is unique because exclusion gives them form and identity.

Thus, exclusion is a defining factor for "being." It provides the scaffolding on which the universe builds its diversity.

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Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle: The Dynamics of Becoming

Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle asserts that certain pairs of properties (like position and momentum) cannot both be precisely measured at the same time. This principle introduces randomness and unpredictability into the very fabric of reality.

In the dream formula:

• Life depends on navigating uncertainty. Evolution thrives on trial and error, shaping complexity in a world of randomness.
• Knowledge is inherently tied to uncertainty. The more we learn, the more we uncover the vastness of what remains unknown—a humbling realization.
• Action arises in response to uncertainty, driving change and discovery as we interact with an unpredictable universe.

Uncertainty doesn’t represent a flaw in understanding; it’s a fundamental feature of existence, reflecting the dynamic, ever-unfolding nature of reality.

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The Revised Dream Formula

In light of these principles, the formula evolves into:

$$\text{God/Universe} = \text{Spacetime} + \text{Massenergy} + \frac{\text{Life}}{\text{Uncertainty}} + \text{Knowledge} + \text{Action} + \text{Humbleness}$$

Here, uncertainty becomes central to life’s emergence and evolution, while exclusion underpins the very structure of existence. Together, they form a duality of being and becoming—a balance between structure and fluidity.

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Bridging Science, Philosophy, and Spirituality

This dream formula offers a profound way to view the universe. It unites physical principles like exclusion and uncertainty with abstract concepts like knowledge, action, and humbleness. In doing so, it reflects the dual nature of existence:

• The tangible: Spacetime, massenergy, and action—the measurable aspects of reality.
• The intangible: Life, knowledge, and humbleness—the qualities that give existence depth and meaning.

By anchoring the equation in both quantum principles and philosophical ideals, it becomes a bridge between science and spirituality. Pauli’s Exclusion Principle reminds us of our individuality, while Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle humbles us with the vastness of the unknown.

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Final Reflections

Dreams often mirror our subconscious musings, weaving together fragments of thought into new patterns. This formula feels like one such pattern—a synthesis of scientific insight and existential wonder. It’s a reminder that the universe is not just a collection of particles and forces but a dynamic, interconnected whole.

Could this dream formula hold a deeper truth about existence? Perhaps. But even if it doesn’t, the journey of exploring it has illuminated the beauty of being, becoming, and belonging.

What do you think? Could the interplay of exclusion and uncertainty be the key to understanding the universe—and our place within it?

"SAS: Who dares wins" - NL edition

 "SAS: Who dares wins" - NL edition

as seen from the truck driver's cabin

(c) 2021, Darko Bulat

    (On how I participated in a Dutch version of the popular UK Chanel 4 reality show of the ultimate toughness, endurance, physical and psychological strength and exhaustion.)

    "Who dares wins" is a motto of the UK SAS special forces. "SAS: Who dares wins" is also a title of the UK Chanel4 TV reality show. Dutch version of that show came to Slovenia, and it so happened that I've been asked to participate in the production of that show, just like many locals who are needed either as location finders, fixers, consultants, caterers or such professionals as paramedics who stand by, or even police who needs to know in advance when such production takes place, so that they don't misinterpret numerous possible phone calls about strange looking people wandering around woods, roads at every possible time of day or night.

    My role was none of that. I came to be a part of the team because of my truck. The truck is a vintage Y1983 Slovenian made TAM 110 T7 4x4 but in perfect working order. It's a former army truck designated to carry troops (up to 12 with equipment) and material. It has good off-road capabilities and in spite of it's 4,5t curb weight is small enough to fit into the parking space of an ordinary passenger car. That truck gave me a ticket to that show, as the producers decided they needed a truck capable of carrying 10 contestants (or candidates or VIPS as they are also referred to) while following two Land Rover Defenders (my other love. On that later) occupied by the military specialists that run the main part of the show.

 

     (TAM 110 + GoPro)

     My task was to drive the truck and in that sense be the only local guy whose face or features can on occasions be seen. So, I was neither contestant, nor specialist, yet I ended up being the closest to those two sets of people. I drove the truck full of contestants and was able to witness their number drop by each day. And I drove it behind one of the Defenders and being trailed by another. For me, whose passion is off-road driving, that was a lifetime opportunity.

The production

    I'm not following any reality TV shows. So, when I heard of this one I had to look for it and even then I didn't quite know what to expect. But sure enough, when I saw the production HQ, located in one of the formerly derelict (and therefore in quite poor shape) castles in Slovenia, it was obvious to me that it was serious production, full of skilled and dedicated professionals. Their equipment, cameras, sound systems were just top-notch. The silent generator that provided needed electricity gave life to the whole castle, who was lit all the time, and even during the night, the whole perimeter was almost as bright as during the day.

    But the castle was divided into two parts. Only one contained producers, video editors, local helpers. The other part of the castle was for the contestants, their living and sleeping quarters, their facilities and the courtyard (all covered with the cameras 24/7) for their daily routines. Only military specialists (or DS as they are also called, direct staff) go freely from one part to another. Contestants may never go "behind the scene", unless they quit. And then there's a truck driver (me) who drives regularly to and from that courtyard, so technically can be seen on cameras in a distance, but had to commute "behind" avoiding cameras. And before I was told that, I joyfully paraded around, not fully aware that cameras are EVERYWHERE, and that I may look like Mr Been to others... 

   

The contestants

    Original show had several seasons, and in last seasons there were so-called "celebrity" editions. It means that the participants were already established media personalities either from the world of sport, culture, entertainment, etc. The participants of this show were all Dutch celebrities.

 

    (contestants on their first day)

    As I will not comment their performance (apart from that I admire them all) one thing is certain. Nothing they did was acting. In that sense, this kind of reality show is as real as it can be. Exhaustion is real. Physical pain is real. Psychological toll is real. I saw their faces entering the truck. I heard their chitchat while driving them to an unknown new challenge, and felt sympathy. But the challenges were numerous and relentless. And the number of contestants inevitably went down. They maximally supported each other, they behaved like a collective, where the strongest give hand and support to the least capable. But, as time went by and the challenges hit harder and harder, their number went down. Their faces showed exhaustion. Their chitchats in the truck were no longer as joyful as in the beginning. (I never got the clue what they were talking about anyway, as I don't understand Dutch, and they used only that).

DS (direct staff)

    These guys are robots. OK, I'm kidding, they are in fact very pleasant and friendly guys, and in the end we shook hands and said goodbyes emotionally (ant least I did). I watched them, I was almost part of their team, as I was the only person so close to them and the participants. Producers even made me wear a black outfit for the first day of shooting, so I guess even producers intended that the truck driver sort of be part of that tormenting team. And driving contestants off-road in an old army truck, equipped with wooden benches, well, it's a torment of its own kind. Once I dared to ask one of the outgoing participant "How was the ride in the truck", to which he replied "Rough". And I said to myself, good. As long as they don't vomit or quit because of it... :) Just kidding. But then again, we may not seat on a same bench, but we rode in the same truck. So it was rough for me also.

    Back to DS. I never saw them yell or treat contestants disrespectfully. All instructions were given in a calm, very professional manner. Even between themselves, I never got the impression that they would waste words on empty talk. They seldom showed emotions, even exhaustion. They were obviously well-trained and capable of running the show to the highest of standards. Lastly, they did inflict demanding tasks before contestants, but they had to be alert and awake to do it. So, if contestants went through sleep deprivation, it was DS who were deprived of the sleep as well. 

       (author + DS)

Trucker's impression

    And here's my part of the story. This all took place in Kočevje area during one week. As I live in Ljubljana, it was out of the question that I would daily commute for the show. In fact, it would be impossible because of some night rides as well. So I stayed at a nice hotel in downtown Kočevje, and from there I went for the rides. My truck is old. But I'm even older. And that hit me during that show. I was the oldest participant in the production.

    During the course of that week I had the time to contemplate (probably even overthink) about many things. What if the truck breaks down? What if I break down? The elimination game for the contestants felt suddenly very real and very present. What if I give up? Driving daily such truck is not small feat for me. Rides were on road where speeds are higher, and off-road where one must be totally alert about every curve, rock, branch or tree. And knowing that my passengers are Dutch celebrities, living persons, I was overwhelmed with the responsibility for them. I knew I must maintain myself daily in order to perform. I had to sleep good. Also, I had to eat good and stay hydrated. I couldn't afford to let down the production if for a second I'd feel too exhausted or unwell.

    So I took great care to sleep as much as possible, and that, I'm sure, was a rare commodity in whole production. Cameramen and microphone men, and producers, for example, they run after the contestants at ungodly hours. They all slept very little. So, yes, I had that privilege. But then again, there are even certain rules about the rest for the truckers, and I can completely understand why. One simply does not want a 4,5 ton (or more) vehicle to go awry because the driver fell asleep. Even missing the engine brake on a steep incline can be fatal. Driving a truck, especially off-road, and double especially during the night is simply so demanding, and nothing should be left unchecked. So many things can go wrong.

    And one thing did go wrong. One day that was especially worried about, because I had to start driving from the castle at 3:30 AM, meant that I had to wake up at 2:00 AM. And I especially don't like night off-roading alone. Off-roading is a lot of fun, but only if you are accompanied by the like-minded (and like capable) friends, who you know will help you if anything unwanted happens. Driving in the dead of night from the city to castle meant driving alone in bear habitat, and equally important, area that were in the past known to have some locals equipped with weapons (say, gypsies). Well, I did not want to encounter any of them. 

    Anyway, that night I picked the contestants at the castle, and then our convoy went away to the designated area. For some reason, the trailing Defender stayed behind, and on some steep road I stayed behind the leading Defender. I was alone, with the contestants in the back. Then I hit full beam headlights in order to lighten up the road ahead. And then everything goes black. Totally black. All electricity on my truck suddenly went out. I lost the headlights, I lost the instrument panel lights, I saw nothing. I slammed the brakes, as I could possibly easily go over the edge, wherever we were at that moment. The engine was still running. That was good. That only truck had the engine that runs even if you lose all the electricity. Even more, you don't even turn the engine off with the turn of the ignition switch back, but you have to press the engine brake on idle in order to suffocate the engine to stop.

    I knew I mustn't do that because I surely will not be able to start it again (ok, unless I lift the cabin, and do it another way, provided that the batteries are good, but that was not the point). I did not quite panic, but frantically turning switches and knobs did not help. Finally, DS found out I'm nowhere around, and they turned back and found me and the truck in the total darkness. OK, I had a torch in one hand, trying to figure out what's wrong with the truck and the electricity, but DS helped. They asked, and I confirmed that the truck itself if drivable. So they suggested that they drive very slowly, and I very close by, so they will light the road ahead, and we should be able to reach some spot where we can find the solution. And so we did. I also placed my Maglite torch facing forward through the windshield, and that contraption worked remarkably well. I could drive safely.

    DS led to a nice spot where there were some other trucks parked, and where contestants can do some tasks (PT or physical exercise) while I find out what's wrong with the truck. I read the manual, and it was clear that it should be the main 25A fuse. Fuse no.1 that protects almost every other circuit. In a sense dumb solution, but so it was like that. I went for the fuse box, opened it, and the fuse No.1 was toast. As I had the spare, the fix was quick. And the lights came back. What a relief.

    But the realization that I could almost at any moment and at any circumstances end up without lights was tormenting me for the several days ahead. I surely did not want to repeat that experience, so I did not touch full beam headlights (never needed them anyway) until I check if there's a problem there.

    So that was it. My fears materialized. Not in the worst manner, but so that I get the glimpse of what and if something goes wrong. And I again asked myself, will the truck endure till the end? Will I?

    Only one part of my participation was driving. Another was waiting. And during those hours while I was waiting, especially at nights, my thoughts played funny games with me. Being the oldest, do I even fit? Am I too old for all of this? Should there be someone younger in my place? Perhaps someone with more stamina and physical strength? Even someone that can party all nigh long, and go to work another day just like that. That realization that I'm the oldest, with the oldest vehicle as well, gave me a profound feeling of temporariness. Again, none of that would come to my mind if there wouldn't be a night. Hearing wolfs howling or bears moaning did not help either. 

The end

    So, today it ended, at least for me. Soon as I ended the last early morning Saturday ride, I went back to my hotel room, packed, and back to Ljubljana. Before that I said my hellos and goodbyes, especially with DSes, that I started to admire. Professionals. Hats down.

    The show will be aired in the spring 2022, and I'm looking forward to seeing it.

    These impressions are made on the last day, while they are still fresh.

After The end

    This blog was written right after the end of the filming of the show, however, for professional reasons publishing of the blog was delayed after the show started on a TV. First episode of the show, this time under it's regular name "Special forced VIPS: Vie Durft Wint" was aired on a Dutch TV program RTL4 on December 19th 2021, with subsequent episodes available through Videoland service (https://www.videoland.com/series/500800/special-forces-vips-wie-durft-wint).

Kronologija smrti Pepce Kardelj roj. Maček (1914 - 1990)

Kronologija smrti Pepce Kardelj roj. Maček (1914 - 1990)

(c) 2015, Darko Bulat

Pepca Kardelj, rojena Maček, je bila vdova po pokojnem visokem funkcionaru Socialistične Republike Slovenije Edvardu Kardelju in sestra zelo vplivnega moža nekdanje države Ivana Mačka - Matije. Glede na te družinske vezi in vstop v najožji krog izvrševalcev oblasti nekdanjega sistema je Pepca Kardelj dejansko bila eden izmed njegovih stebrov.

Te dni smo lahko priče neprikritim poskusom obnove socializma v Sloveniji, kakor tudi v sedemdesetih, ko je Milan Kučan prvič uporabil ta izraz pod skovanko “demokratični socializem”. Kot da bi že iz tega samega naziva bilo jasno, da je “navadni” socializem preprosto nezdružljiv z demokracijo.

Iz današnje perspektive zato morda preseneča, da je Pepca Kardelj dne. 26. marca 1990 v časopisu Tribuna na strani 3 objavila pismo na temo sprave z naslovom “Narodna pomiritev zdaj”. Kdor tega sestava ni prebral, ga mora! (Dostopno na naslovu: http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-LVL53OQN/15ccd9cf-66c1-4cb9-8608-099fd8753e8b/PDF)

Pepca Kardelj, visoka funkcionarka komunistične partije je odkrito obtožila ZKS in nekatere njene še žive člane za povojne poboje, za nečloveško ravnanje z rojaki v imenu komunizma, ter napovedala, da bodo za to morali odgovarjati tudi pred sodišči.

Niti tri tedne po objavi tega pisma v Tribuni, ki ga je sicer podpisala kot “Pepca Maček, Trzin” je Pepca Kardelj bila mrtva. Umrla je 15. 4. 1990. To je bilo že obdobje po volitvah. Prve demokratične povojne volitve so bile namreč 8.4.1990. Na teh volitvah je zmagala koalicija DEMOS. Komunisti (t.i. SDP) in komunistom pridružene stranke (npr. ZSMS, ki se je kasneje preimenovala v LDS, ter Socialistična stranka Slovenije, ki je formalno nastala iz SZDL) so izgubili, tako kot je to napovedala Pepca Kardelj.

Torej, nekaj dni po volitvah, na katerih komunisti izgubijo oblast, Pepco Kardelj najdejo mrtvo. Različni viri navajajo različne vzroke smrti. Najbolj pogosto se omenja, da je Pepca Kardelj storila samomor. Ne glede na uradno razlago o njeni smrti, v nadaljevanju sledi nekaj zanimivih datumov in dogodkov, ki smrt Pepce Kardelj kažejo v nekoliko drugačni luči.

17.4.1990, dva dni po smrti Pepce Kardelj, neka druga oseba, za katero je javnost lahko izvedela šele pred kratkim, dobi od tedanje SDV (Službe Državne Varnosti, naslednice UDBE, to je komunistične tajne politične policije) izplačanih 30.000 DEM. Razoskovalec Roman Leljak, namreč, med raziskovanjem arhivov tajne policije (še preden arhive nova zakonodaja zares zapre) najde podatek, da je zadnje izplačilo agentu SDV Milanu Doriču - Hanziju bilo opravljeno 17.4.1990, le nekaj dni po volitvah, v resnici (naključno ali ne) le dva dni po smrti Pepce Kardelj.

Znesek 30.000 DEM je zanimiv, ni majhen, za tak denar bi takrat agent kake tajne službe postoril marsikaj od česar se navadnemu človeku naježi koža. Milan Dorič - Hanzi je priznal, da je moril za denar. Ni znano kakšen posel je bil ta, za katerega je dobil teh 30.000 DEM. Ali je v arhivih še kakšen podatek o tem izplačilu ali ne, to je vprašanje.

Zadnji zanimiv podatek je, da je po upepelitvi Pepce Kardelj žara z njenim pepelom izginila. Bojda je kasneje bila tudi vrnjena, a po spletnem iskanju s ključnimi besedami “poison detection after cremation” hitro postane jasno, kakšen bi lahko bil motiv za krajo žare s pepelom, ter njeno vrnitvijo. Kot kaže je sledove strupa mogoče odkriti tudi če je truplo upepeljeno.

Zgodba s takimi indici je grozljiva. Grozljiva je tudi misel, da je takrat še živeč Ivan Maček - Matija morda dal ubiti lastno sestro Pepco, zaradi njene iskrene nagnjenosti k narodni spravi in povsem odkriti obtožbi zoper nekdanji režim in partijo, da le-ta sloni na zločinih za katere bodo zločinci morali odgovarjati.

A natanko tako se bere ta zgodba.

O vladanju strahom (strahovladi)

O vladanju strahom (strahovladi)

(c) 2013, Darko Bulat

Današnji zapis bo sorazmerno kratek, saj je spodbujen z dogodkom, ki sem mu bil priča po golem naključju. Sprehodil sem se, namreč, po ljubljanskem Trgu Republike danes v soboto 19.10.2013 in zasledil nekoliko več policije, kot jo je sicer.

Takoj sem pomislil, da gre za pripravo na (zopet) nekakšne demonstracije. In res, ko sem se vračal po isti poti kakšno uro kasneje se je že na križišču Šubičeve s Slovensko slišalo glasno govorjenje iz razglasa. Torej je očitno potekal nekakšen javni shod. In kakšen!

En sam govorec je bil in on je hkrati bil en sam demonstrant. Ozvočenje je sicer bilo močno, ampak to ni spremenilo dejstva, da je bil sam. Da je sam bral pozive h demokraciji, odpravi blokad v sistemu in še kar je bilo podobnih reči. Celo takšne zahteve, pod katere bi se  mirno lahko podpisal tudi sam.

A je bil sam. Če odštejemo cca 20 policistov (to je moja groba ocena, štel jih res nisem), ki so bili razporejeni po trgu dva po dva. Pa (vsaj) dve policijski "marici". A so na trgu bili prisotni, približno pri spomeniku revoluciji (takoj zraven ugasnjenega "večnega ognja", na stopnicah) tudi "skini". Šest mladcev, v črnih jaknah, nekateri s pobritimi glavami.

Ustavil sem se zraven njih, češ slikal spomenik in jih obenem opazoval. Vsi v svojih dvajsetih letih, še raje mlajši od tega. Mladostniško razposajeni, a se zdi, da so pozorno poslušali tistega osamelega demonstranta in bojevnika za demokracijo, saj so na skoraj vsak njegov stavek kaj pokomentirali in to v glavnem negativno.

Čez čas sem jim pristopil in vseh šest zaobjel s pogledom in jih vprašal "mladeniči, kaj pravite, si želite demokracije?"... Mislim, da sem jih nekoliko presenetil. En je odgovoril "Ne, mi smo 'skini", mi smo za nacional-socializem". Drugi se je zasmejal, v resnici so se vsi po malem hihetali. En je pristavil, da se on prvi "le heca", kakopak, ni se hecal. In sem to tudi povedal "da se tisti najbrž ne heca". In mi je "tisti" pritrdil. Saj je v takšnih družbah vedno tako, eni se hecajo, eni se ne hecajo, eni mislijo, da gre za hec, eni, da gre "zares". In jih nekdo krmili. Nekdo..

To je tudi poanta tega zapisa.

Nekdo je tem mladcem povedal, da bo shod. In naj pridejo. Takšni mladci ne dežurajo na TR in nimajo urnika nastavljenega tako, da so vsako soboto tam. Bili so očitno tam, ker jih je nekdo tja napotil. Tako kot tudi policija.

In, če je policija "uradna" so tile mladci "neuradni". Česar policija uradno ne sme tile mladci z veseljem počno. Za hec ali zares.

Strahovlada je vladavina skozi strah. Upam, da je današnji osameli demonstrant mirno opravil svoje in mirno šel domov. Sem pa od danes prepričan, da nekje nekdo pošilja mlade "ki si za hec želijo nacional-socializem" in ta nekdo je hkrati povezan s policijo.

For the record.

"NE" davku na nepremičnine!

"NE" davku na nepremičnine!

 (c) 2013, Darko Bulat

Spoštovani, če vas skrbi napovedani davek na nepremičnine si preberite naslednji tekst. Če vas ne skrbi pa bi vas še kako moral zaskrbeti, ker bo ta davek udaril prav po vseh, po lastnikih nepremičnin, najemnikih (posredno preko zvišanja najemnin), po podjetnikih, gospodarstvu in delavcih katerih plače bodo na udaru iz dveh strani, javnem sektorju (bolnišnicah, šolah, neprofitnih ustanovah), kmečkih gospodinjstvih, cerkvi, lastnikih gozdov in pašnikov, ki so morda spremenjeni v zazidljiva zemljišča, celo po gasilcih, ki dan za dnem prostovoljno gasijo požare in rešujejo življenja in imetje. Ta davek prihaja v času najhujše gospodarske krize od osamosvojitve naprej, zagotovo pa od vstopa Slovenije v EU in po prevzemu skupne valute EVRO.

Predstavljajte si nekaj naslednji scenarijev:

1. V stanovanju imate najemnika. Plačuje vam najemnino kolikor toliko redno in z njim nimate problemov vi in tudi on ne z vami. Zgledno sodelujete in vse rešujete z medsebojnim dogovorom. Potem se naenkrat na vratih vašemu najemniku prikaže lokalni nasilnež, ki od najemnika zahteva mesečno zase toliko denarja kolikor ga le-ta plačuje že najemodajalcu. Imate problem in vi in vaš najemnik. Slednji tega sploh ne zmore plačevati, saj je kriza in že sedaj maksimalno ekonomizira svoje stroške. Toda imate problem tudi vi. Vam najemnik lahko v hipu uide, ampak se vi ne morete znebiti lokalnega nasilneža, ki bo tak reket zahteval tudi od vsakega naslednjega najemnika. Vi lahko suvereno odločate o višini najemnine, toda nasilnež se bo vsakič znova vrnil z novimi zahtevami, ki ne bodo nikoli manjše, le večje.

Tak scenarij opisuje odnos med lokalno skupnostjo (kot neke vrste najemodajalcem), ki je tradicionalno in povsod tista, ki je upravičena do dajatve zaradi nepremičnine (v Sloveniji je to nadomestilo za uporabo stavbnih zemljišč), ter lastnikom oz. uporabnikom nepremičnine (kot neke vrste najemnikom). Jasno je, da je nasilnež v tem scenariju država, ki brutalno vstopa v ta odnos lokalnega značaja in si zaradi lastnih potreb skuša postreči tam kjer meni, da denar morda še je. Toda zadnjih dvajset let te država dokazala kako nesposobna je izterjati že obstoječe davke. Ravno to je pognalo apetite države kvišku po vedno novih davkih.

Toda pozor, višati davke v državi katere prebivalci smo, po Forbesu, že sedaj med najbolj, če ne najbolj obdavčenimi in to početi v času gospodarske krize, to lahko pade na misel le nekom, ki enega samega centa ni zaslužil na trgu ali s kako dejavnostjo, ki ni financirana iz kake prisilne dajatve ali iz kakega paradavka.

2. Imate bančno vlogo na banki. Potem po tihem pride nek zakon po katerem se obdavčijo bančne vloge. Ne obresti, temveč glavnica. Ugotovite, da od tistih 100.000€ ki ste jih privarčevali za hude čase naenkrat manjka 0,5%, oz. 500 €. Je že res, da ste nekje slišali za ta zakon, a se niste prav najbolj zavzeli, vrhu vsega ste bili mnenja, da »bo že kako«. Ko zdaj pomislite se vam ne zdi prav, da je nekdo posegel po vašem denarju, saj gre vendar za vaš denar, za denar, ki ga potrebujete za hude čase in bi, če bi se zavzeli prej, nasprotovali tistemu zakonu, ali pa vsaj še pravočasno umaknil denar nekam na varno.

No, pomislite, da boste nekaj že dobili od obresti, a tudi na obresti plačujete davek, kar v resnici pomeni, da je država z obdavčitvijo glavnce dejansko bistveno spremenila donosnost vaše bančne vloge.

Drugi scenarij opiše povprečni odnos do napovedanega davka. Marsikdo misli, da »bo že kako«. Pa ne bo. Ta davek, tako kot je zastavljen, bo izrazito hud in bo imel izrazito negativne posledice. Ne gre le za npr. 500 €, gre za brutalni (kakopak tudi neustavni) poseg v zasebno lastnino in je plazeča se nacionalizacija. Kakršen koli »krizni davek«, če bi bil le nujen in sorazmeren, je boljši od posega v zasebno lastnino kot ga predvideva napovedani davek.

V Sloveniji ima zelo veliko fizičnih ima lastno nepremičnino. Ni to zasluga zgolj t.i. jazbinškovega zakona, ki je omogočil lastništvo nepremičnin tudi tistim, ki si jih objektivno ne morejo niti privoščiti, že zaradi tega ne, ker ne zmorejo rednega ali vsaj nujnega vzdrževanja le-te. Tudi zato so nekatere nepremičnine v dokaj slabem stanju. Množično lastništvo je poglavitna posledica socializma iz katerega smo formalno »ušli« pred komaj nekaj več kot dvajset leti. V socializmu namreč ni bilo mogoče investirati v zasebna podjetja. Največ kar se je razvijalo je bilo obrtništvo, a tudi to ni bilo brez tveganj, saj je bila rast mogoča le do 10 zaposlenih. V odsotnosti drugih oblik investiranja je prebivalstvo v glavnem vlagalo svoje prihranke v zidovje, bodisi domačih hiš ali vikendov.

Ravno obstoječa struktura lastništva nepremičnin je tista, ki zagotavlja da bo davek na nepremičnine »udaril« zelo na široko, udaril pa bo izrazito močno, pri čemer je že sedaj nujno vse moči uporabiti zato, da do tega davka niti ne pride, če bo le bistveno višji od  NUSZ.

Še najboljši bi bil »zakon o davku na nepremičnine«, ki bi zgolj preimenoval NUSZ v davek, vse ostalo pa ostane enako, zlasti upravičenec, to je lokalna skupnost, ter način in višina kako se davek izračuna.

3. Imate hišo velikosti 200 kvadratnih metrov. En dan se zbudite in ugotovite, da manjka en vogal hiše, približne velikosti 1-krat-1 meter. Manjka. Ni ga več. Hiša je zdaj manjša. Če hočete nazaj ta vogal ga morate narediti znova, to pa ni ravno poceni. Zagotovo ne morete tega narediti takoj, oz. denar za to zaslužiti čez noč, nekje ga morate dobiti, upadem da vam ne bo potrebno najeti kredita, pa čeprav vse kaže na to.

Tretji scenarij je tisto kar se bo na videz zgodilo. Država si bo odrezala okrog 0,5% (nekje manj, nekje več, pri poslovnih nepremičninah dosti več) hiše, oziroma jo bo sicer pustila, bo pa prisilno vzela vrednost, ki ustreza vrednosti tistega kvadratnega metra hiše. Ampak pozor, ne po neki amortizirani vrednosti, pač pa po »posplošeni tržni vrednosti«. Kaj pomeni »posplošena tržna vrednost« za hiše, ki niso na prodaj vedo le tisti, ki so delali povsem nesprejemljivo »množično vrednotenje nepremičnin«. Nekatere hiše niso na prodaj. Namestitev »tržne vrednosti« na tujo hišo je popoln poseg v zasebnost. Zagotovo poznamo amortizirano gradbeno vrednost, pa še kakšne druge cenitve in načine kako se pride do teh vrednosti. »Tržna vrednost« je morda zanimiva za trg (pa še to le lastnikom tistih nepremičnin, ki bi jih radi prodali), toda le-to pri nepremičninah bolj kot marsikje postavlja trg, trg in samo trg. Kot, da bi kvalificiranega nepremičninarja vprašali katere tri stvari so pri nepremičnini najbolj pomembne. Lokacija, lokacija in lokacija.

4. Pridete v trgovino kjer navadno kupujete živež in druge nujne potrebščine. Že na vratih opazite, da so obrazi drugih strank v trgovini močno namrgodeni. Pristopite v blagu, ki ga najbolj pogosto kupujete in vas skoraj vrže nazaj. Cena blaga je 10-krat višja od tiste, ki ste jo plačevali doslej. Blago je ostalo enako. Trgovina je tudi enaka, osrednje vzdrževana. Prodajalke so enako namrgodene in slabe volje kot vedno, ker tudi njim ni lahko. Vse je enako le cene so od 2 do 10-krat višje kot dan prej. Vi pa brez tega ne morete živeti. Oziroma drugače povedano, ne morete storiti ničesar, razen, da povsem zamenjate trgovino in vanjo ne stopite nikoli več, vsaj ne kot stranka.

V četrtem scenariju je, kakopak, opisano golo razmerje med obstoječimi dajatvami (NUSZ) in bodočim davkom na nepremičnine. Takšno povišanje davčnega bremena je absurdno čez vse meje. V nekaterih okoljih kjer lokalna skupnost suvereno in po lasti volji ne zaračunava NUSZ bo prišlo sploh do maksimalnega možnega povečanja, ki to okolje lahko pahne znova v nerazvitost. Spomnimo, da lokalna skupnost ravno preko NUSZ kot edinega zakonitega mehanizma lahko spodbudi ali zavre investicije v lokalnem okolju. Ko pa enkrat država pristavi svoj zahtevek bo, kakopak celotna država le še manj konkurenčna, a najhujši udarec konkurenčnosti bo v okoljih kjer je NUSZ nizek ali ga sploh ni.

Tako velikega povečanja davčnega bremena gospodarstvo ne more prenesti brez hudih pretresov in odpuščanj, ter nadaljnjega pritiska na že sedaj nizke plače. Zato je moja trditev, da bo ta davek pritisnil na prav vse sloje prebivalstva pravilna in utemeljena. Nihče ne bo profitiral, na izgubi bomo prav vsi, le, da bo po morebitni vpeljavi tega davka tista nova realnost zaradi katere bo verjetno nemogoče doseči njegovo ukinitev. V Italiji so ga, mimogrede, pred kratkim ukinili.

Tudi nekateri drugi pretresi bodo, saj je veliko nepremičnin praznih, celo povsem normalno praznih. Prazna nepremičnina ni anomalija, kot marsikdo nepoučen poskuša prikazati drugim laikom. Prazna nepremičnina je prazna nepremičnina, je mrtev kapital, ki ne prinaša denarnega toka in je za lastnika že tako hudo breme. Nepremičnine so prazne zaradi tega, ker obstaja več ponudbe kot je povpraševanja po nepremičninah. Obdavčenje nepremičnin le-teh ne bo napolnilo. Le povzročilo bo nadaljnje pretrese na trgu nepremičnin, ki zagotovo ne bodo za nikogar prijetni.

5. Priča ste prisilni izselitvi, deložaciji družine z majhnimi otroci. Vzrok? Neplačani davek državi in država zahteva poplačilo tako, da se hiša zaseže, proda na dražbi in se iz tega poplača davek.

Peti scenarij je realen, da bolj realen ne more biti. Gre za resnično grožnjo, ker davek na nepremičnino je eden izmed davkov, ki ga mora plačati tudi tisti, ki nima nobenih prihodkov, saj se ne obdavči prihodek temveč že akumulirano premoženje. Zaseg nepremičnin in deložacije, če bodo, bodo krute. Mar bomo potem iskali razloge, da zakon vendar ne izvajamo? Mar ni bolje imeti življenske zakone, ki naj služijo ljudem, ne pa, da bodo ljudje žrtve sistema, ki jih trpinči?

Zakon o davku na nepremičnine ne sme biti sprejet. Je izrazit in nesorazmeren poseg v zasebno lastnino in predstavlja najhujši poseg v zasebno lastnino od povojnih nacionalizacij. Že dejstvo, da Vlada želi sprejetje tega zakona po hitrem postopku pomeni, da gre za krizni davek, a se takega sistemskega zakona nikakor ne sme sprejemati pod pritiskom.

O nevtralnosti omrežja

O nevtralnosti omrežja

 On #netneutrality

(c) 2013, Darko Bulat

Z izrazom "net neutrality" (ki se ga aplicira, kakopak, le na internet, ker na drugih omrežjih ta izraz nima pravega pomena) v Sloveniji ni dileme. Opisan je v ZEKom-1 in določba zakona ščiti obstoječe stanje, torej odprt in neutralen značaj interneta. 

Morebitna sprememba s strani EK (o tem utegne kmalu odločati), ki bi to porušila bi omogočila le to, da se iz obstoječih žic in kablov potegne še več denarja (kakopak, od naročnikov in uporabnikov), kar pomeni, da fokus ne bi več bil na gradnji omrežij in na zaračunavanju glede na pasovno širino (in to ne glede na to kakšen promet se prenaša) temveč bi utegnili hitro priti na model kabelskega omrežja, kjer bi naročnik morda imel nek osnovni paket (arbitrarno hiter), če bi pa želel kakšne posebne hitrosti do npr. "premijskih kanalov" (v te je lahko že jutri vključen youtube, soundcloud, wikipedia, ali pa celo google in facebook, sky is the limit) pa bi lahko to bilo zaračunano dodatno.

Nekdo utegne reči "saj jaz tega ne rabim, dejmo kar tako narediti", a je ravno to past. To zagotovo ne pomeni, da bi internet zanj bil cenejši (ali morda celo malenkost bi, kot vaba), bistven je premik v poslovnih modelih, ki bi iz obstoječih žic in obstoječih naročnikov iztisnil več denarja, za prav nič več vsebine. Vsebina se, namreč, na internetu dogaja neodvisno od modela zaračunavanja.

No, če bi svoj pisker (lahko) pristavili tudi veliki proizvajalci vsebin (google, itn..) pa smo itak tam kjer ni muh. V vseh primerih je ravno "net neutrality" oz. nevtralnost omrežja tisto kar omogoča rast interneta, kar preprečuje incestno razmerje med ponudnikom vsebine in ponudnikom dostopa do interneta (slednji še vedno ne sme biti zainteresiran za to kaj počne njegov uporabnik).

Za posladek... Porušitev nevtralnosti interneta podrere tudi koncept odgovornosti (oz. odsotnosti le-te) ponudnika dostopa za vsebino. Zato ne vem, iskreno, od kod pamet (nekaterim?!) ponudnikom, da sploh rinejo v to smer, ki je izrazito tudi v njihovo škodo.

O snemanju na bolj ali manj javnem mestu

O snemanju na javnem mestu

(c) 2013, Darko Bulat

Te dni je medijsko sceno in srenjo, a tudi politike, tako "leve" kot "desne" razvnela zgodba o (slikovnem) snemanju politikov oz. ministrov z galerije Državnega zbora. Zadeva morda niti ne bi bila tako odmevna, če snemalcu (povejmo odkrito "paparacu") Janiju Božiču ne bi najprej ukinili akreditacije, potem ga tudi ovadili zaradi kaznivega dejanj kršitve tajnosti občil.

Uvodoma povem, da ta tekst ni pravno mnenje, da ni nastal zaradi opravičevanja početja konkretnega forografa, kakor tudi ne, da bi ga kdorkoli lahko citiral ali navajal v morebitnem sodnem postopku. Gre za razmišljanje, ki so ga sodbudili različni komentarji v smislu "a potem je v redu, da ti kdo kuka skozi okno spalnice in te snema" ali "ja, a potem nihče naj nima zasebnosti", in podobni.

Zato bo ta tekst kratek, ker se osredotoča le na nekaj dejstev:

1. Državni zbor ni nudistična plaža, ni javno stranišče, ni zasebna spalnica in ni stanovanje slehernika, ki ima ali nima zaves. O tem ali je v prostorih DZ dovoljeno snemanje in kakšno snemanje bo zagotovo svojo besedo povedalo pristojno sodišče. V tem smislu bo zagotovo opredililo tudi t.i. "pričakovanje zasebnosti" v konkretnem primeru.

2. Predsednica vlade Alenka Bratušek in minister Roman Jakič nista katerikoli Janez, Franc, Jože ali Micka. Sta najbolj izpostavljena političarka ta hip, ter (tudi zaradi lastne t.i. mirovniško naravnane preteklosti) zelo izpostavljen minister za obrambo. Njuno početje na javnem mestu, ali celo pojavljanje na zasebnih krajih in kaj šele na javnem mestu izzovejo pozornost. Vsakič. In javne osebnosti vedo, da bo vsaka njihova poteza opažena, pa če gre za nerodno prekrižane noge, garderobo, dolžino krila, izpihovanje nosu po nogometaško ali njegovo vrtanje, ko to drugi lahko vidijo. O tem koliko javne osebnosti lahko pričakujejo, da bo kdo prizanesljiv ali neprizanesljiv do njihovega početja kdaj drugič...

3. Vsebina posnetih komunikacij ni bil privat čvek niti ne dopisovanje z družinskimi člani. V enem primeru je šlo za vabilo enega politika drugemu na proslavljanje imenovanja, v drugem primeru za nasvete ali kar navodila o tem kako naj novoimenovani funkcionar ravna v zvezi z določenimi kadri. Nobeno izmed teh sporočil bi bilo opremljeno z oznako tajnosti, čeprav bi si jo morda slednje, po neki laični presoji, celo zaslužila.

Ravno vsebina komunikacije je morda še najbolj pomembna, saj je malo verjetno, da so fotografi snemali le takrat. Bolj verjetno je, da je do javnosti prišlo tisto za kar je nekdo domneval, da utegne zanimati širše občinstvo. Zmagovalna gostija (še posebej, če je na račun davkoplačevalcev) ali kadrovanje po kriteriju naši-vaši je zagotovo nekaj kar je zanimivo za javnost.